4584例手足口病EV71病毒感染情况分析

Analysis on infection status of enterovirus EV71 for 4 584 cases children of hand foot and mouth disease

目的回顾性分析2009年至2013年第四军医大学西京医院手足口病肠道病毒71型（EV71）的感染情况。方法采用实时荧光定量PCR的方法检测手足口病患儿的咽拭子或疱液标本。结果 2009年至2013年我院共收治手足口病患儿4 584例,其中EV71阳性标本369例,各年EV71的感染率依次分别为7.84%、5.77%、16.71%、10.16%、3.66%。不同年份EV71感染率差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。≤3岁的婴幼儿EV71感染率最高（65.58%）,每年4~7月手足口病感染人数明显升高。结论手足口病EV71型各年感染率不同,有明显的季节及人群分布。在流行季节应当加强宣传培训及督导作用,采取安全措施,有效控制病情。

Objective To analyze retrospectively the infection status of hand foot and mouth disease（HFMD） caused by enterovirus EV71 from 2009 to 2013. Method The throat swabs and vesicle fluid specimens of 4 584 suspected HFMD cases were collected and examined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results The infection rates of enterovirus EV71 were 7.84%, 5.77%, 16.71%, 10.16% and 3.66%, respectively, which were represented as chi-square and the differences were statiscal significant（P0.05）. The infection rate（65.58%） is the highest in the children less than 3 years old. The incidence of HFMD increased from April to July every year, and so was the infection season of EV71. Conclusions The occurence of HFMD has obvious features of season and age. As a result, we should not only strengthen the propaganda training and supervising function, but also take effective security measures to control the condition.