关于陶诗“自然”“平淡”的美学评价

Regarding the Aesthetic Value-Judgement That Tao Yuanming′s Poetry Is Natural & Plain

后世对于陶诗的美学评价 ,主要集中在两点上 :一是说其自然 ,二是说其平淡。前者是一种审美标准 ;后者是一种审美境界。陶诗的自然、平淡是以对“真”、“朴”的追求为前提的 :即人格之“真”、生活之“朴”。陶渊明在诗歌艺术方面取得了极高的成就 ,对于中国古典诗歌美学做出了独特的贡献 :一是扩大了诗歌的审美视野 ,丰富了诗歌的审美内容。他把诗歌的题材、范围扩大到了乡村、田园、日常生活 ,成为中国田园山水诗的开创者。二是“开千古平淡之宗”,使中国诗歌从唐朝始确立以平淡、朴素、自然为上 ,反对刻意雕琢的最高的艺术标准。

The aesthetic appraisement by later generations about Tao Yuanming′s poems has mainly concentrated on two sides:one is natural,the other is plain.The former is a standard of aesthetics;the latter is a realm of it.Pursuing truthfulnees and simplicity is the premise on which the natural and plain character of Tao′s poems are formed. Tao Yuanming succeeded greatly in the art of poetry and also made special contribution to aesthetics of Chinese classic poetry.He enlarged the realm of poetry aesthetics and enriched the content of poetry aesthetics.Because he described country scene and daily life in his poetry,Tao Yuanming became the pioneer of Chinese pastoral and landscape potery.As a result of his excellent job,Chinese classical poetry had the highest artistic standard during the Tang Dynasty,which is based on simple,natural and plain character instead of deliberate decoration.\;