经济类型的变迁及其效应——鄂伦春族发展问题的生态-经济人类学研究之一

Changes in Economic Types and Their Effects ——Anthropological Research on Eco-Economic Development of the Olunchun People(Ⅰ)

从生态—经济人类学的视角来看 ,鄂伦春族的经济类型变迁并不是适应森林生态系统的结果 ,相反是改变森林生态平衡的原因 ;不是按生态—经济规律自然进化的必然产物 ,而是在“单线进化论”基础上形成的“进步观”和“政府干预论”的支配下人为进化的逻辑结局。像鄂伦春族这样的小民族的未来发展道路 ,应在其拥有充分的“环境权”

From the point of view of eco economic anthropology,the change of the economic types of the ethnic Oroqens is not a result of adaptability to the forest ecological system,but rather a cause of the transformation of the forest ecological balance.Furthermore,the change is not an inevitable product of natural evolution by the eco economic law,instead it is a logical outcome of artificial alteration of the original economic types based on the theory of linear evolution 'which is formed on' the advancement theory'and of'governmental intervention'.Such small ethnic groups as Oroqens should autonomously select a relevant approach for development with their full 'environmental rights' as prerequisite.