宁波沿海陆源排污口放线菌(Actinomycetales sp.)的分布特点

DISTRIBUTION OF ACTINOMYCETALES IN SEWAGE OUTLETS ALONG COAST IN NINGBO

利用454高通量测序技术对宁波沿海10个陆源排污口20个站位的放线菌的时空分布及5个工业排污口的放线菌的种类作了整体分析。成功鉴定出了83个属,84个种。研究结果显示:放线菌在陆源排污口的分布呈现季节性分布,从3月份到10月份,放线菌数量呈现先升高后下降的变化,5月份和8月份数量居高,在3月份和10月份偏低;在综合排污口(S4,S6,S8和S9)检测频次较高,在工业排污口(S1,S3,S5,S7和S10)检测频次居中,在市政排污口(S2)检出频次最低。不同类型的排污口,氨氮浓度的排出量不同,放线菌的种类和数量也不同。在5个工业排污口中,S7和S10检出的共同菌最多;在S7独自检出短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)、长双歧杆菌(B.longum)和两岐双岐杆菌(B.bifidum),表明存在粪源污染物;在S5检出皱孢链霉菌(Streptomyces scabrisporus)和硫藤黄链霉菌(S.thioluteus),显示有石油降解物和重金属的污染。总体上看,放线菌数量在距排污口外50m处略高于排污口处。排放指标越相似,菌的种类越接近。

Eighty wastewater samples in 10 sewage outlets along coast in Ningbo, Zhejiang were collected in 20 sites in March, May, August, and October, 2011, and analyzed using high-throughput 454 Pyrophosphate Sequencing. Distributions of microbial and Actinomycetales were determined. Results show revealed Actinomycetales in 83 genus and 84 species. In overall, the number of Actinomycetales increased and then decreased during March to October, i.e., high in May and August and low in March and October. Differences in type and amount of Actinomycetales were substantiated by differences in type of outlet and concentrations of ammonia and nitrogen. Actinomycetales were abundant in mixed-type sewage outlets S4, S6, S8 and S9, followed by industrial sewage outlets S1, S3, S5, S7 and S10, and sporadic in domestic sewage outlet S2, and different sewage outlet showed different spectra of Actinomycetales composition. For examples, at S7, Bifidobacterium breve, B. longum, and B. bifidum were detected, indicating human manure pollution; at S5, Streptomyces scabrisporus and S. thioluteus were detected, indicating pollution by petroleum derivatives and heavy metals. In addition, the amount of Actinomycetales at sewage outlet mouth was generally higher than that in 50 m downstream.