“伊吉拉特”与跨国恐怖主义——论宗教极端主义国际化的起源、发展及其动向

Hijrat and Transnational Terrorism: the Origin,Evolution and Trend of the Internationalization of Religious Extremism

"伊吉拉特"源于公元622年的圣迁,包含地理迁移和精神上向真主靠近两重含义。极端组织通过歪曲裁剪伊斯兰教教义,利用穆斯林的"伊吉拉特"情结为所谓的"圣战"进行组织动员。美国"9·11"事件之后,该动员策略由鼓励"迁徙圣战"进一步发展为鼓励"就地圣战",并呈现组织结构扁平化、人员招募本土化、动员形式网络化等新特征。对于中国而言,对内掌握去极端化斗争的主动权,对外营造合作反恐的国际环境,则是当前形势下防止极端主义扩散、巩固反恐成效的可能路径。

Hijrat originated from the migration of Prophet Muhammad in 622,including the geographic migration and mental inclination toward Allah. Extremist groups use Muslims＇ Hijrat complex for ＂jihad＂by tailoring and distorting the teachings of Islam. Since the 9 /11 incident,there has been some changes in the mobilization strategy of transnational terrorism; for example,the structure of organization becomes more flat,the recruitment more local,and the tactics more cyber- based,of which the focus is to encourage ＂local jihad ＂instead of＂migrated jihad＂. For China,taking initiatives in its struggle for de- extremization and building a good cooperation environment against terrorism is the possible pathway to prevent extremism from spreading and therefore to consolidate the achievement of anti- terrorism at present.