3种型号飞行员救生背带的舒适性比较

Comparison on the comfortability of 3 types of pilot restraint harness

目的 比较我国自行研制的3种不同型号飞行员救生背带在实际应用中的舒适性.方法 根据背带型号将47名不同机型飞行员分为3组,0型背带24人,1型背带13人,2型背带10人.采用问卷调查的方法比较3种型号背带的舒适度并进行统计学分析.问卷内容包括：身高、体重、年龄、总舒适度、穿卸时间、调节性能、压肩感受、收紧状态、约束性大小等. 结果 47名飞行员平均身高（173.36±2.48）cm,平均体重（72.63±7.43） kg,平均年龄（30.57±6.67）岁.3种型号背带总舒适度、调节便捷性、腿部收紧带状态以及飞行中是否出现因侧向Gy引起身体侧向移动比较,差异有统计学意义（χ2 =8.442～27.411,P＜0.05）. 结论 1型背带较舒适,穿卸时间短,但背带整体偏重;0型和2型背带调节点过多,负过载带不能自动收缩,舒适性不佳.我国自主研制的背带在舒适性方面有待进一步提高.

Objective To compare the comfortability of 3 different models of pilot life-saving restraint harness developed by China in the practical application.Methods Forty-seven pilots were divided into 3 groups by the type of harness models：type-0 harness （n=24）,type-1 harness （n=13）,and type-2 harness （n=10）.The comparison was done by questionnaires that included height,weight,age,overall comfort,time of wearing on and off,regulation performance,the feeling of shoulder pressure,tightening state,restriction degree and so on.Then the questionnaires were statistically analyzed.Results The average height of 47 pilots was （173.36± 2.48） cm,average weight was （72.63±7.43） kg and the average age was （30.57±6.67） years.There were significant differences on the items of overall comfort,adjustment convenience,leg tightening belt state and if the Gy in flight caused body movement in the comparison among 3 groups （χ2 =8.442-27.411,P〈0.05）.Conclusions Type-1 is the most comfortable restraint harness,and the time wearing on and off is the shortest,but the weight is too heavy.Comfortability of type-0 and type-2 is not satisfied because of so many adjustment points and poor self-constrain under G load.China self-developed restraint harness is still need to be further improved on comfortability.