内蒙古出土纺织品的成分测试与分析

Analysis of Unearthed Textiles in Inner Mongolia

采用显微镜观察和红外光谱分析方法对内蒙古额济纳地区出土的未知纺织品的成分进行分析.超声波预处理结果表明,经过超声处理的未知试样可以清晰地观察到纤维表面特征,且未对纤维造成损伤,因此是出土纺织品观察不可缺少的重要手段;显微镜观察结果表明,未知样品纤维纵表面具有羊毛鳞片特征,且观察到局部羊毛损伤严重;红外光谱图中的特征谱带进一步验证未知出土纺织纤维为羊毛;样品A具有氢键、酰胺Ⅰ、酰胺Ⅱ等羊毛特征吸收峰,但酰胺Ⅲ特征峰被1015 cm^(-1)处1个现代羊毛纤维中不存在的吸收峰所遮挡,该吸收峰的出现被认为是羊毛纤维老化所致.

In this paper,the composition of the unknown textile in Ejina area of Inner Mongolia was analyzed by using microscope observation and infrared spectrum analysismethods.After ultrasonic pretreatment,the unknown samples can be clearly observed,so it is an important pretreatment method to observe the fabric.Under microscope,the characteristics ofwool scale can be observedon the surface of the unknown sample along longitudinal direction,and the serious damagescanalso be observed.Characteristic spectral bands in infrared spectrumfurther verifiedthat the unknown unearthed textile fiber is wool.The sample A has the characteristics of hydrogen bond,amideⅠ and amide Ⅱ,etc..However the characteristic peak of the amide Ⅲ is blocked by the absorption peak at 1 015 cm ＂.The absorption peak at 1 015 cm＂ does not exist in modern wool fiber,and is considered to be caused by the aging of wool fibers.