铲链式垄作残膜回收机性能试验与结构优化

Performance research and structure optimization of shovel-chain typed ridge residue plastic film recycling machines

垄作作物采用覆膜种植是农户增产增收的有效途径,但收获后遗留在地表的残膜尚无有效回收工具,铲键式残膜回收机是适用于垄作残膜回收的机械回收方式。简要介绍了铲链筛分式、铲链针刺式和铲链齿式3种不同类型的铲链式残膜回收机的工作原理,通过田间性能试验对不同铲链式残膜回收机的起膜、拾膜、膜土分离、脱模、集膜装置等作业性能进行对比分析,并针对试验中存在的问题对现有机具结构提出优化对策,开发了一种可提高回收效率的拖拉机牵引式残膜回收装置,为垄作作物残膜回收机的设计提供相关依据。

Mulching planting pattern adopted by ridged crops is an effective way to increase production and income,but the residual membrane in the surface of field is lack of recovery equipment after harvest,the shovel-chain typed residual film recovery machines are mechanical recycling methods for ridged residual film recovery.The principles of operation of three different shovel-chain typed residual film recovery machines were briefly introduced,including shovel-chain sieve fraction type,shovel-chain needle type and shovel-chain gear type.Work performance comparison analyses of different shovel-chain typed residue plastic film collectors like the film loosening device,film picking,soil-film separation,stripping film,the film collecting device and etc.were carried out through field performance test,and structure optimization countermeasures were proposed according to the existing problems in the test,a tractor pull-typed residual film recycling mechanism was developed with higher recycling efficiency,and the relevant suggestions were provided for the design of ridged crops residual plastic film recycling machines.