放牧补饲对肉用犊牛生长发育与经济效益的影响

Effects of Grazing and Supplementary Feeding on Growth and Economic Benefit of Calf

[目的]研究在放牧补饲条件下不同品种肉牛的早期生长发育与经济效益。[方法]选择3月龄断奶新褐杂牛(新疆褐牛与本地牛)、安杂牛(安格斯与本地牛)、荷斯坦牛、土种牛31头,按品种分组开展夏草场放牧补饲试验。[结果]安杂牛、荷斯坦牛、新褐杂牛和土种牛补饲日增重分别为0.51、0.55、0.56、0.25 kg/d,安杂牛、荷斯坦牛、新褐杂牛的日增重与土种牛相比差异极显著(P<0.01)。新褐杂牛、荷斯坦牛、安杂牛的放牧补饲效果较土种牛好,新褐杂牛、荷斯坦牛、安杂牛和土种牛的投入产出比分别为1∶2.32、1∶2.29、1∶2.12和1∶1.02,放牧补饲经济效益明显。[结论]早期断奶对后期放牧补饲肉牛的生长发育具有促进作用。

[Objective] The aim was to study early growth and economic benefit of different varieties of calf by grazing and supplementary feeding. [Method] Choosing 31 head of three-month old weaning calf including Xinheza（ Xinjiang brown cattle and local cattle）,hybird Augus（ Angus and local cattle）,Holstein,local cattle,grazing and supplementary tests were carried out in summer pastures. [Result]Daily gain of hybrid Augus,Holstein,Xinheza and local cattle was 0. 51,0. 55,0. 56,0. 25 kg / d respectively,there was extremely significant difference（ P 0. 01）of daily gain between hybrid Angus,Holstein,Xinheza and local cattle. The effect of grazing and supplementary feeding on Xinheza,Holstein,hubrid Angus was better than local cattle. The input-output ratio of Xinheza,Holstein,hubrid Angus and local cattle was 1 ∶ 2. 32,1 ∶ 2. 29,1∶ 2. 12 and 1∶ 1∶ 02,the economic benefit was obvious. [Conclusion]Early weaning can promote the growth and development of calf by grazing and supplementary feeding in the later period.