山东省青岛市2015年禽流感监测分析

Surveillance and Analysis of Avian Influenza in Qingdao City of Shandong Province in 2015

[目的]调查青岛市家禽高致病性禽流感免疫水平,测定该地区的禽流感流行率,分析流行的风险因素。[方法]在全市家禽养殖场(户)、农贸市场、屠宰场和野鸟栖息地随机抽样,采用血凝抑制方法测抗体,采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测禽流感病原,同时开展禽流感血清学和病原学检测。利用GIS、EXCEL软件,分析青岛市禽流感检测样品的空间分布、免疫抗体水平、病原流行率及分布。[结果]青岛市家禽H5N1禽流感(Re-6)免疫抗体场户合格率为76.3%,个体合格率为74.8%;H5N1禽流感(Re-7)免疫抗体场户合格率为72.5%,个体合格率为71.4%;H5亚型禽流感病原学检测全部阴性;H9亚型禽流感个体流行率为1.18%,全部来源于农贸市场和屠宰场。[结论]青岛市家禽高致病性禽流感的免疫状况良好,在所有家禽和野禽活动场点未发现高致病性禽流感病毒,表明青岛市高致病性禽流感防控效果较好。

[Objective]This paper aims to investigate HPAI immunity level of poultry, to determine avian influenza prevalence and to analyzes corresponding risk factors in Qingdao. [Methods] Antibody was tested by hemagglutination inhibition and pathogens of avian influenza through fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR. Spatial distribution of test samples,immune antibody level of the avian influenzas as well as prevalence and distribution of pathogens, were analyzed by GIS and EXCEL. [Results] A total of 1969 serology samples from 130 sites and 21992 etiological samples from 17 sites were collected in poultry farms（households）,farmer＇s markets,slaughter houses and wild bird habitats in Qingdao. The immunity qualified rate of poultry farms（households）and individual qualified rate against H5N1（Re-6）were 76.3% and 74.8%, while those against H5N1（Re-7）were 72.5% and 71.4%, respectively. The 100% negative of H5 subtype HPAI and 1.18% individual prevalence of H9 subtype HPAI were reported by etiological test.These H9AI viruses were from farmer＇s markets and slaughter houses. [Conclusion] HPAI immunity was good in Poultry and no HPAI virus was discovered in all places of poultry and wildfowl in Qingdao.