探墒沟垄种植对土壤水分与春玉米生长发育及产量的影响

Effects of Ridge and Furrow Planting on Soil Moisture Variation,Growth and Yield in Spring Maize

为了探索探墒沟垄种植方式在山西中部旱区的应用效果,以旋耕为对照,研究了免耕、探墒浅沟垄种植和探墒深沟垄种植对土壤含水量动态变化、玉米出苗率、农艺性状以及产量的影响。结果表明,玉米生长不同时期2种探墒沟垄种植土壤含水量均较免耕和旋耕高,旋耕土壤含水量最低;探墒深沟垄种植玉米出苗率最好,比旋耕种植出苗率平均提高15.7百分点,玉米株高、茎粗、叶面积和穗位高均有明显提高,有助于生长中后期干物质积累,提高产量。探墒沟垄种植是山西省中部旱地一种比较适宜的御旱抗逆种植方法。

To explore the effects of ridge and furrow planting on spring maize production in dryland of the middle-Shanxi, the paper took rotary tillage as CK,field experiments of no tillage, shallow ridge and furrow planting and deep ridge and furrow planting were designed to investigate soil moisture variation, seedling emergence rate, growth traits and grain yield of spring maize. The results showed that soil moisture of two methods of ridge and furrow planting were higher than that of rotary tillage and no tillage, rotary tillage had the lowest soil moisture. The average seeding emergence rate of deep ridge and furrow planting were the best, which increased by 15.7 percentage points than rotary tillage. Maize plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and ear height were all improved obviously, which could promote dry weight accumulation and increase yield of maize. Ridge and furrow planting is a better choice on dryland in central Shanxi province.