低磷胁迫下谷子的磷吸收利用效率

Study on the Phosphorus Absorption and Utilization Efficiency in Millet under Low Phosphorus Stress

探索不同品种谷子对磷吸收利用情况,以筛选耐低磷或具有磷高效利用潜力的谷子品种。采集18个品种谷子,通过盆栽试验方法,研究低磷胁迫下不同品种谷子在营养生长期的生物量、磷吸收转运及利用效率等差异,并利用聚类分析方法对供试谷子品种进行分类。结果表明,在营养生长期,不同谷子品种对低磷胁迫的应对机制和能力存在差异,4,6,11,15,18号根系较其他品种发达;1,4,6,7,15,18号地上部干物质量较其他品种高;6,15,18号磷吸收效率较其他品种高;1,2,8,15,18号磷转运率较其他品种高;4,5,10,17号磷利用效率较其他品种高,各品种因其自身应对低磷胁迫机制不同,导致谷子生物量不同。综合植株地上部干物质量、磷转运率、磷吸收效率、磷利用效率4个指标,对供试谷子品种进行聚类分析,当阈值为30时,供试18个品种谷子可分为7类,其中,1,7,18号为综合磷高效型谷子品种;4号为磷利用效率高效型谷子品种;6,15号为磷吸收效率和磷转运率高效型谷子品种;而2,9号为低磷敏感型品种。试验筛选出的磷高效谷子品种为冀谷20、鲁谷6号、济谷13号。

The objective of this study was to explore the situation of phosphorus absorption and utilization of different millet cultivators, and screen the cultivars which could exhibit tolerance to low phosphate stress and had potential in phosphorus efficiency utilization. The pot experiments were carried out with 18 collected cultivars as test material to analyze the differences in biomass at vegetative growth stage, phosphorus absorption and translocation efficiency, phosphorus utilization efficiency. Cluster analysis was used to classify the test cultivars. The results showed that at vegetative growth stage, the coping mechanisms and capability of low phosphorus stress in the cultivars were different. The root of No.4, No.6, No.11, No.15 and No.18 were more developed. The shoot dry weight of No.1,No.4, No.6, No.7, No.15 and No.18 were higher. The phosphorus absorption efficiency of No.6, No.15 and No.18 were higher. The phosphorus transfer rate of No.1, No.2, No.8, No.15 and No.18 were higher. The phosphorus utilization efficiency of No.4, No.5, No.10 and No.17 were higher. The coping mechanisms of low phosphorus stress in the cultivars were different, which led to various biomass in millet. The test cultivars were screened by cluster analysis, aggregating the four indicators of shoot dry weight, phosphorus transfer rate,phosphorus absorption efficiency and phosphorus utilization efficiency. When the threshold value was 30, the 18 test varieties could be divided into 7 categories, in which No.1, No.7 and No.18 were comprehensive phosphorus-efficient type, No.4 was high phosphorus utilization efficiency type, No.6 and No.15 were high phosphorus absorption efficiency and phosphorus transfer rate type, No.2 and No.9were low-phosphorus-sensitive type. Jigu 20, Lugu 6 and Jigu 13 were proved to be phosphorus efficiency millet cultivars in this study.