转基因重大行政决策及标识法律制度的思考

Thinking of the Major Administrative Decision-making and the Labeling System of GM

全球转基因农业快速发展的背景下,2016年中央一号文件提出要"加强农业转基因技术研发和监管,在确保安全的基础上慎重推广"。转基因技术被认为是把双刃剑,益处和风险并存。在农业上应用转基因技术存在着广泛的争论,争论不仅限于生物学、医学、环境学等自然科学,还涉及到伦理学、社会学、消费者权益等人文科学领域。关于转基因农产品产业化的决策,事关粮食安全、生态安全和群众健康,实属重大行政决策。对此,需要进一步完善转基因相关重大行政决策的决策程序,同时,探索建立起相关重大行政决策的终身责任追究制度。另一方面,在关于转基因的观点分歧较大的现实情况下,强化转基因标注的相关法规,建立起严格规范的标识制度,实属对赞成和反对两派的对立观念的一种妥协折中,不仅有利于帮助减轻对转基因农产品产业化的反对声音,更是对公众知情权和选择权的一种切实保护。

Under the background of the rapid development of the global GM agriculture, 2016 Central Document No.1 puts forward to strengthen the agricultural transgenic technology research and development and regulation, promotion on the basis of ensuring safety.Transgenic technology is considered to be a double-edged sword, benefits and risks coexist. There is a wide controversy about the application of transgenic technology in agriculture. The debate is not only limited to natural science such as biology, medicine, and environmental science, but also the humanities, such as ethics, sociology, consumer’s rights, and so on. Decisions on the industrialization of GM agricultural products, concerning food security, ecological security and mass health, it is a major administrative decisions. We need to further improve the genetically modified major administrative decision-making process, at the same time, to explore the establishment of the system of lifelong responsibility for relevant major administrative decisions. On the other hand, in the case of a large divergence on the viewpoint of genetically modified, strengthen GM labeling regulations, establish strict labeling system, it is for approval and opposing ideas a compromise, which is not only to help reduce the opposition to the industrialization of genetically modified agricultural products,but also a practical protection for the public’s right to know and to choose.