辣木幼林对氮、磷、钾肥效响应及叶片的生理反应

Effect of Formulated Fertilization of Nitrogenous,Phosphate,and Potash on Growth and Leaf Physiological Reactions of Moringa oleifera

[目的]研究辣木幼林时期对大量元素的需求状况。[方法]应用"3414"配方施肥试验设计,探讨N、P、K配方施肥对元阳干热河谷辣木幼龄林的生长量、叶片色素含量(叶绿素a、b及类胡萝卜素)和叶片含水率的影响。[结果]肥力补充对辣木幼林的生长具有非常明显的促进效果,其中N肥各施肥配方对幼林的各项生长量指标和生理指标具有显著或极显著的影响,P肥对除地径增量和叶片含水率之外的其它设定指标也表现出显著效果,而K肥各施肥处理仅对冠高增量、冠高比增量和叶片含水率具有显著影响。[结论]综合方差分析、多重比较、极差分析和相关分析结果,显著促进树高、地径、冠幅生长和叶片色素积累的组合均为本试验设计的中高施肥量配比,其中N3P2K3为最优组合。辣木幼龄阶段对大量元素需求非常旺盛,以维持其快速增长的生物量。

Objective]To study the major element demand of Moringa oleifera.[Method]The effects of formulated fertilization of N,P and K on the growth,leaf pigment content and leaf water content of Moringa oleifera young indi-viduals were tested in Yuanyang dry-hot valley by using fertilizer experiment design “3414”.[Result]The results showed that fertilization significantly promoted the growth of M.oleifera young trees.Fertilizer N significantly affect-ed all indexes;Fertilizer P significantly affected all indexes except the ground diameter and leaf water content;Fer-tilizer K significantly affected the crown height,percentage of crown height,and leaf water content.Comprehensive results of variance analysis,range analysis,multiple comparison and correlation analysis showed that medium to high amount of fertilizer could significantly promote the growth of height,ground diameter,crown diameter,and ac-cumulation of leaf pigments.[Conclusion]Among those treatments,N3 P2 K3 is the superiorly effective.The results also suggested that M.oleifera trees need a great amount of NPK fertilizer to maintain rapid growth in young stage.