喹诺酮类药物在麻鸡体内的转化和分布规律

Studies on transformation and distribution rules of quinolones in Partridge chicken

采用经免疫胶体金法快速检测鸡蛋中喹诺酮类(QNs)呈阴性的雪山麻鸡为试验材料,分别注射5 mg·kg^(-1)环丙沙星、5 mg·kg^(-1)恩诺沙星和10 mg·kg^(-1)诺氟沙星,每天2次,连用2 d,在停药后48 h和第9天分批屠宰取样,并利用LC-MS/MS检测胸肌、肝脏、血液和卵泡中12种QNs的含量。结果表明:每种药物在麻鸡体内经转化后生成6种以上QNs;不同组织中QNs残留量差异较大,其中肌肉和血液中QNs代谢快、残留量低(休药9 d,残留量低于19μg·kg^(-1)),肝脏和卵泡QNs残留量相对较高;环丙沙星和诺氟沙星及其转化产物均在肝脏富集,诺氟沙星在肝脏中代谢尤为缓慢(休药9 d,QNs残留量为1 773.7μg·kg^(-1));恩诺沙星在麻鸡体内快速转化成其他QNs,并在卵泡中高度富集,休药48 h在肝脏、血液和卵泡中转化率高达100%,卵泡中QNs残留量达8 327.3μg·kg^(-1),因此,恩诺沙星在产蛋鸡上使用,可能在鸡蛋中会产生大量的QNs残留。

The Partridge chickens whose eggs were quinoiones（ QNs） negative tested by the immune colloidal gold rapid detection were used as the experimental materials. The chickens were injected twice each day for two consecutive days with 5 mg·kg^（-1）ciprofloxacin,5 mg·kg^（-1）enrofloxacin and 10 mg·kg^（-1）norfloxacin,respectively. LC-MS/MS analysis was performed to detect the residues of twelve quinoiones in muscle,liver,blood and follicles. The results showed that each drug could be converted into six or more QNs drugs in chicken. Moreover,the residual amount of QNs varied in different tissues. The QNs residues in muscle and blood were lower and had faster metabolic rate（ the residues were less than 19 μg·kg^（-1）at the 9th withdrawal day） than those of other tissues,while the residual amount of QNs were higher in liver and follicles. The ciprofloxacin,norfloxacin and their transformation products were enriched in liver,and the norfloxacin metabolism rate in liver was slow（ the residue of QNs was 1 773. 7 μg·kg^（-1）at the 9th withdrawal day）. The enrofloxacin in chickens was rapidly converted into other QNs,which was highly enriched in follicles. The conversion rate of enrofloxacin was up to 100% in liver,blood and follicles at the 48 th withdrawal hour after injection with enrofloxacin. The residues of QNs in follicles was up to 8 327. 3 μg·kg^（-1）.Therefore,the use of enrofloxacin in layers might result in large amounts of QNs residues in eggs.