棕榈花、叶、茎挥发油成分及抑菌活性研究

Study on chemical components of the essential oils in flower,leaf and stem of Trachycarpus fortunei(Hook) H. Wendl. and their antimicrobial activities

采用超临界二氧化碳萃取,应用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)法鉴定棕榈花、叶、茎挥发油化学成分,并考查其体外抗菌活性。结果显示,共鉴定得到224种化合物。棕榈花挥发油中主要有二十三烷(23.86%)、二十八烷(8.48%)等;棕榈叶挥发油中主要有(Z)-3-己烯-1-醇(15.87%)、正己醇(12.60%)、2,3-丁二醇(10.19%)、3-(1-乙氧乙氧基)-2-甲基丁烷-1,4-二醇(9.63%)、甲苯(9.60%)、2-乙氧基-3-氯丁烷(8.10%)等;棕榈茎挥发油中主要有甲苯(13.80%)、1,1-二乙氧基乙烷(25.77%)、2,3-丁二醇(10.65%)等。棕榈花、叶、茎的环己烷、乙醚萃取挥发油对特定病原菌有特殊抑菌效果,可作为抑菌剂使用。

In order to analyze the chemical components of essential oils in flower,leaf and stem of Trachycarpus fortunei（ Hook.） H. Wendl. and their biological activities,the volatile oils were extracted by supercritical CO_2 extraction and were identified by GC-MS. The antimicrobial activities of the identified volatile oils were inspected in vitro.It was shown that 224 components were identified altogether. In flowers,main constituents of the identified volatile oils were tricosane（ 23. 86%） and octacosane（ 8. 48%）.（ Z）-3-hexen-1-ol（ 15. 87%）,1-hexanol（ 12. 60%）,2,3-butanediol（ 10. 19%）,3-（ 1-ethoxyethoxy）-2-methylbutane-1,4-diol（ 9. 63%）,toluene（ 9. 60%） and 2-ethoxy-3-chlorobutane（ 8. 10%） were the main volatile oils in the leaf,and toluene（ 13. 80%）,1,1-diethoxy-ethane（ 25. 77%） and 2,3-butanediol（ 10. 65%） were the majority in stem. The extracted volatile oils from flower,leaf and stem by cyclonexane and aether exhibited special inhibiting activities against some pathogenic bacteria,which indicated their potential as bacteriostatic agent.