时变条件下路径既定的危险废弃物运输问题研究

Research on hazardous waste time varying transportation with established routes

为降低危险废弃物运输风险,建立既定路径下基于离散时变条件的危险废弃物运输模型。用动态规划方法求解模型。分别从静态网络和动态网络2个状态分析案例,以验证模型的有效性。计算结果表明:静态网络中采用单位时间事故频率与运输时间的乘积来衡量事故频率时,模型的目标值小于采用单位距离事故频率与运输距离的乘积来衡量事故频率时模型的目标值,采用前者衡量事故频率时,各路段的运输风险更小;动态网络下模型的目标值是不断波动的,大多数出发时间对应的模型目标值优于静态网络中模型的目标值,且存在最优的运输出发时间;同静态网络下2种方法的计算结果相比,风险分别降低39%和31.8%。

In order to reduce risk in transportation of hazardous waste, A discrete time varying condition based model was built for hazardous waste transportation with given routes. The dynamic programming method was used to solve the model. A case was given to validate the model from the perspectives of static network and dynamic networks. The calculation results indicate that in a static network, the target value of the model whose accident frequency is the product of transportation time and accident frequency per time is smaller than that of the model whose accident frequency is the product of transportation distance and accident frequency per distance, that the transportation risk of all routes is smaller when using the first one to calculate accident frequency, that in a dynamic network, the target value of the model is fluctuant, and majority of target values of the model corresponding to departure time are better than the target values of the model in static network, that there exits optimal departure time of transportation, and that compared to the static network, the risks will be reduced by 39% and 31.8% respectively.