采用“比较病例教学法”培养医学生病理生理学的病案分析能力

Impact of "Comparative Case Learning" on Medical Students' Analytical Ability in Clinical Case

目的在病理生理学教学中采用"比较病例教学法",探索其在提高医学生病案分析能力中可能的作用.方法选用1对既有内在联系又有差别的病案进行分析,并在课堂中进行陈述、辩驳,其后学生进行自我评价;采用测评病案在该教学法实施前后对进行病案分析测评,分别对自我评价和病案分析成绩进行统计.结果进行比较病例分析教学后,学生病案分析总成绩提高显著,其中难题部分得分提高显著(P<0.01),并与学生自评分成正相关(r=0.762,P<0.01);学生自评在分析问题、查询资料等11个方面的能力均有所提高.结论在病理生理学教学中采用"比较病例分析"教学法能通过提学生分析问题能力、综合运用知识能力、思考的积极性,以及查询资料能力,进而提高医学生的病案分析能力.

Objective Pathophysiology has high comprehensiveness and practical characteristics. Developing analytical capacity is a major teaching aim of Pathophysiology. This study was aimed to build up the basic knowledge of pathophysiology and develop a critical approach through ＂comparative case learning＂ in medical students.Methods A pair of related cases were chosen in this study. ＂Comparative case learning＂ was performed in our lecture. Case analysis was tested before and after ＂comparative case learning＂, and a self-evaluation was accessed after ＂comparative case learning＂. The scores of case-analyzing test and self-evaluation assessment were statistically analyzed. Results Using＂ comparative case learning＂ in pathophysiology could improve medical students＇ case-analyzing score, especially in clinical syndrome analyzing examination questions（difficult examination questions）. There was a significant correlation between high score of clinical syndrome analyzing examination and students＇ self-evaluation. Conclusion Comparative case learning＂ could improve the analytical,data searching and comprehensive abilities,thereby enhancing a case-analyzing ability in medical students.