篮球运动情境中球员身高对裁判员判罚的影响

The Impact of Athletes Height on Referees' Judgments in Basketball Foul Calls

探讨篮球队员身高对裁判员判罚的影响,分析其是否因攻防情境、内外群体而出现差异。采用3个实验,设计篮球比赛模糊犯规情境图片组,让篮球裁判员观看图片并做出犯规判罚。结果发现:(1)裁判员在模糊犯规情境下更倾向于判罚高个球员犯规;(2)球员身高对犯规判罚的影响在攻防情境下具有稳定性;(3)在高个球员倒地情况下,与裁判员同群体的球员会受到保护。因此,在篮球运动模糊犯规情境下,裁判员更容易判罚高个球员犯规。

The purpose of this study aims to examine the impact of athletes height on referees＇ judgments in basket- ball ambiguous foul situation, to explore different impact in both offense and defense situations, and its internal/external group effect with the referees. Three experiments were conducted, wherein pictures of ambiguous foul situation in basketball game were designed and basketball referees were required to view pictures and make a foul judgment. The result showed that： （ 1 ） The higher players were given more fouls in ambiguous foul situations by basketball refer- ees. （2）The impact of athletes height on judgments remained stable in both defense and offense situa- tions. （3） When higher players fell down, the athletes which belonged to the same group with referees would be protected. Thus, the referee is more likely to give foul judgment to the high player in basketball ambiguous foul game.