西欧理性主义教育思想

On the Educational Thought of the West European Rationalists

康德和费希特的理性主义思想 ,为欧洲教育中发展理性思维、建立理性主义的社会观、教育观奠定了基础 ,深刻影响了裴斯泰洛齐、赫尔巴特、那笃尔普等人的教育思想理论的形成。康德主义影响下的教育学和心理学思想 ,是近代教育向现代教育发展的必要过渡。现当代西欧理性主义教育思想的发展主要是以皮亚杰的发生认识论为代表 ,使教育科学深入到对人的思维过程和道德形成过程的研究 ,大大提高了教育目标的实现水平。但作为一种文化现象 ,理性主义教育思想并未解决对普遍人性的认识问题。

Kant and Fehit's rationalism pays a ground for developing a rational mind and establishing a rationalist view of society and education of Europe, which profoundly affects the formation of the educational theories of Phistilotze, Herbert, Nadulp, etc. Pedagogy and psychology influenced by Kantism is the necessary make-shift of modern education toward present-day education. The development of modern and present rationalist education thought of the west Europe mainly represented by Piaget's genetic epistemology enables pedagogy to deepen the study on the workings of the human mind and formation of morality. As a result, the feasibility of achieving educational goals is greatly increased. However, as a cultural phenomenon, rationalists' educational thought has not solved the problem of cognizing the general human nature.