早期康复护理对脑卒中吞咽障碍患者的作用

Early rehabilitation intervention effect of swallowing disorder in patients with cerebral apoplexy

目的探讨早期康复护理对脑卒中吞咽障碍患者的作用。方法选取2012年1月-2014年1月接受治疗的80例脑卒中患者,按数字表法将患者随机分为观察组与对照组各40例。对照组行常规护理干预,观察组除实施常规护理外还增加早期康复护理,比较两组治疗后吞咽障碍评分。吞咽功能评分采取藤岛一郎吞咽疗效评价标准评分。同时观察两组患者神经缺损评分（NIHSS）和Barthel（BI）评分,分别应用运动功能评分量表（Fugl-Meyer）、肌功能评分量表（CSS）以及日常生活能力评分量表（MBI）对患者各项指标进行评分。结果治疗后观察组吞咽障碍评分较治疗前明显改善,且显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）;治疗后观察组NIHSS显著低于对照组,BI评分显著高于对照组,差异均统计学意义（均P〈0.05）;观察组治疗后CSS、MBI评分均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。结论早期康复干预对脑卒中患者的预后有着积极作用,能有效改善患者的吞咽障碍,显著提高患者生活质量,可在临床推广应用。

Objective To explore the early rehabilitation nursing on the effect of swallowing disorder in patients with cerebral apoplexy.Methods 80 cerebral apoplexy patients were randomly divided into observation group（40cases）and control group（40cases）.Control group was treated with routine nursing.Observation group was treated with routine nursing and early rehabilitation nursing.The swallowing function with Toshima Ichiro criteria for evaluation of swallowing,neurological deficit score with NIHSS,muscle function rating scale with CSS and Barthel score and MBI were observed..Results After treatment group,swallowing dysfunction score of observation group was improved obviously,which was significantly higher than that of the control group（P〈0.05）;NIHSS of observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group.BI score of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group（P〈0.05）.CSS and MBI scores of observation group were significantly higher than that of control group（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Early rehabilitation intervention on the prognosis of patients with cerebral apoplexy has a positive effect,can effectively improve the patient′s swallowing disorder,improve patient quality of life,can be popularized in clinical.