首发糖尿病足患者5年再发溃疡情况及相关因素分析

Five-year recurrence rate of ulcer in patients with new-onset diabetic foot ulcers:risk factors

目的了解首发糖尿病足溃疡患者5年内复发情况,探讨其影响因素,为针对性干预提供参考。方法回顾性分析204例首次诊断为糖尿病足溃疡出院后5年内患者糖尿病足溃疡复发情况及影响因素。结果204例糖尿病足患者5年足溃疡复发率39.0%,再次发生足部溃疡距首发时间中位数36个月;再发溃疡的原因自发和外伤各为50.0%。吸烟、糖尿病足溃疡病程、糖尿病周围神经病变是糖尿病足患者再发溃疡的独立预测因素（RR为1.775~1.930,均P〈0.05）。结论糖尿病足患者首次发生溃疡后,易再次发生足部溃疡,其中外伤是导致再发溃疡的重要诱因。吸烟、糖尿病足溃疡病程≥2个月、有糖尿病周围神经病变患者再发糖尿病足溃疡风险较大,应给予针对性干预,避免再发溃疡。

Objective To describe the 5-year recurrence rate and risk factors of ulcer in patients with new-onset diabetic foot ulcers,and to provide reference for target intervention.Methods A retrospective study was conducted.A total of 204 patients with new-onset diabetic foot ulcers were recruited within 5years after hospital discharge to collect the recurrence of ulcer and risk factors.Results The recurrence rate of ulcer was 39.0%in the first 5years,and the median time between onset of foot ulcers and recurrence was 36 months.Either spontaneous or injury-induced ulcers accounted for 50.0% respectively.Smoking,duration of diabetic foot ulcer,and having diabetic peripheral neuropathy were independent risk factors of recurrence of diabetic foot ulcers（RR1.775-1.930,P0.05 for all）.Conclusion Recurrence of ulcer was common in patients with diabetic foot ulcers,and injury was an important leading cause.Patients who were smoking,who had a diabetic foot ulcer equal to or longer than 2months,and who complicated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy were at high risk of recurrence of ulcer,so target intervention should be provided for them to prevent the recurrence.