墨西哥革命中的反教权主义运动及其评价

The Anticlerical Movement in Mexican Revolution and its Evaluation

20世纪前半期,伴随着墨西哥革命的到来,反教权主义运动再次爆发并不断扩展和激化。这一时期,墨西哥国家与教会之间的斗争出现了三次阶段性高潮。这场反教权主义运动在墨西哥的国家重建进程中发挥了重要作用,它推动了墨西哥现代民族国家的形成,促进了墨西哥的社会变革和文化革新运动,并加速了墨西哥"新人"的塑造。但是,这场反教权主义运动在取得巨大成就的同时,也存在不少过激行为,由于天主教势力根深蒂固,反教权主义最终没有被贯彻到底。

During the first half of the 20 th century, along with the arrival of the Mexican Revolution,anticlerical movement broke out once again and continued to expand and intensify. During this period, the conflict between church and state reached three phased climaxes. This anticlerical movement played an important role in the national reconstruction process in Mexico： it promoted the formation of modern nationstate, facilitated social transformation and cultural innovation, and accelerated the creation of Mexican ＂new man＂. Despite such great achievements, there was a lot of aggressive behavior during the movement; and because of the deep-rooted Catholicism in Mexico, this movement eventually did not achieve its original goal.