青少年分类能力发展特点的眼动研究

The Development Characteristics of Classification Processing Capacity on Teenagers: An Eye Tracking Study

在目标匹配范式下,使用表示现实生活中的物体和场景关系的手绘黑白图片材料,通过眼动记录法考察了136名中学生和大学生分类加工过程的发展特点。结果表明,青少年分类能力发展存在显著的年级效应。不论是从分类结果还是从分类加工过程中看,青少年分类概括的能力并没有进入了平稳发展的阶段而是随着年级的升高而增长。高中阶段为分类能力发展的过渡阶段。

Categorization is critically important, because it reduces demands on memory and allows individuals to focus on important aspects of objects while ignoring irrelevant details. This study use real-life relationship between objects and scenes of hand-painted black and white picture material, classification processing characteristics was investigated through eye-movement recording the development characteristics of 136 middle school students and college students. Results showed that the teenagers had significant grade effect on the development of classification ability. Whether from the classification results or from the classification processing period, adolescents classification generalization ability has not entered the steady development stage but increases with the rise of grade. Senior high school stage is the transition stage of development for the classification.