全景视角下的儿童受害研究——基于2009～2010年武汉市抽样调查的讨论

Study on Child Abuse from aPanoramic Perspective

儿童是易受各种暴力侵害的脆弱群体。相较于关注单一或少数暴力形式的研究模式而言,全景视角强调以儿童为中心全面考察其各种暴力受害经历,从而准确筛查有单一受害问题和多重受害问题的群体,为实施有效干预提供依据。基于这一视角,运用2009~2010年于武汉进行的住户抽样调查数据,对儿童受常规犯罪、虐待、同辈欺负、性侵害和目睹暴力等五类侵害的情况进行了描述和分析,旨在介绍和推广整合性框架在儿童受害研究和干预中的应用。研究结果说明了儿童受害是一个普遍问题,更有相当多的儿童成为多种暴力问题的受害者。进一步的回归分析表明,任何一种类型的暴力受害经历都会显著增加受害儿童遭遇其他形式暴力的风险。

As a group, children are easily exposed to various kinds of violence. Compared with study mode focusing on single or limited forms of violence, the study from a panoramic perspective emphasizes the overall research on experience of different violences against children, so as to precisively screen the groups that are suffered from single form violence and multi-form violences, as well as to offer foundation for carrying out effective intervention. From the panoamic perspective and based on the sampling survey of the households conducted during 2009 and 2010 in Wuhan, this paper presents and analyzes five types of child abuse, namely regular crime, maltreatment, peer bullying, sexual assault and violence witnessing, intending to introduce and promote the aaplication of integrated framework to study and intervention of child abuse. According to the result of the study, child abuse is a common problem; what＇s more, a large number of children are victims of multi-form violences. Further regressive analysis shows that any type of violence victimization experience would significantly increase the risk of other forms of violences against children victims.