葡萄新品种桂葡4号选育及其栽培技术

Breeding of a new grape variety Guipu 4 and its cultivation technique

【目的】选育抗病性强、品质优良、高产稳产且适合广西种植的葡萄新品种,为广西葡萄产业可持续发展打下基础。【方法】2009~2013年,对从巨峰葡萄群体中选出的优良芽变单株分别进行品种比较试验和区域栽培试验,观测其栽培性状和果实品质。【结果】品比试验中,该芽变单株第一季果平均穗重376.7 g,平均粒重8.53 g,平均可溶性固形物含量15.9%,较对照巨峰提高了1.2%（绝对值）;区域试验第二季果平均穗重约300.0 g,平均粒重约7.30 g,平均可溶性固形物含量约19.0%。产量方面,品比试验第2年开始挂果,单株产果2.79 kg,第一季果产量为7449.0 kg/ha;区域试验第3年进入丰产期,都安县试验点第一季果产量为14874.0 kg/ha,第二季果产量为7326.0 kg/ha。该品种于2014年6月通过广西农作物品种审定委员会审定,定名为桂葡4号。桂葡4号表现果穗中等大,果肉质细,有浓郁的草莓香味,对葡萄黑痘病及灰霉病抗性较强,对霜霉病、炭疽病抗性中等,高产稳产,在广西可进行一年两收栽培。【结论】桂葡4号综合性状优良,可进行一年两收栽培,避雨栽条件下适合在广西等南方地区推广种植。

【Objective】The present study was conducted to breed new grape variety with disease resistance, excellent quality, high and stable yield, which was suitable for planting in Guangxi, in order to lay foundation for sustainable development for Guangxi grape industry. 【Method】During 2009-2013, new grape cultivar was bred through bud mutation of Kyoho grape, which was used to conduct variety comparative test and regional cultivation test. Meanwhile, the agronomic characters and fruit quality of new grape cultivar were observed. 【Result】In the variety comparison test during 2009-2013,as for new grape cultivar in the first harvest season, the average weight of single cluster was about 376.7 g and the weight of single fruit was about 8.53 g, the soluble solid content was more than 15.9% first harvest, and 1.2%（absolute value,the same below） higher than that of Kyoho. As for new grape cultivar in the second harvest season, the average weight of single cluster was about 300.0 g, and the weight of single fruit was about 7.30 g, the soluble solids was up to 19.0%. Under normal circumstances, the grape plant began to bear fruit in the second year after planting, with yield of 2.79 kg per plant and 7449.0 kg/ha in the first harvest season. Then higher grape yield occured in the third year, the yield in the first harvest season was 14874.0 kg/ha, the yield in the second harvest season was 7326.0 kg/ha. New grape cultivar was approved and registered by Guangxi Committee for Crop Variety Registration in June, 2014, which was named Guipu 4,with medium cluster, fine sarcocarp, fruit with rich strawberry aroma, high and stable yield, high resistance to downy mildew and anthracnose, high and stable yield. And its one-year-two-harvest cultivation technique was used in Guangxi.【Conclusion】Guipu 4 can be cultivated by using one-year-two-harvest technique, with better comprehensive performance.Furthermore, under rain-shelter cultivation condition, Guipu 4 is suitable for planting in Guangxi.