急性感染性腹泻中医证型分布

Distribution of Syndrome Types of Chinese Medicine in Acute Infectious Diarrhea

目的观察急性感染性腹泻患者症候及证型分布特点。方法运用回顾性研究的方法,对465例急性感染性腹泻患者症候及证型在不同季节、性别中的分布进行分析。结果 465例急性感染性腹泻患者症状以食欲不振[381例(81.94%)]、倦怠乏力[350例(75.27%)]、腹痛[338例(72.69%)]、里急后重[325例(69.89%)]、肛门灼热[276例(59.35%)]、恶心[258例(55.48%)]、泻下急迫[249例(53.55%)]、小便短黄[240例(51.61%)]、口渴[210例(45.16%)]、腹胀[206例(44.30%)]最常见。证型分布依次为:肠道湿热证[268例(57.63%)]、食滞肠胃证[106例(22.80%)]、寒湿犯表证[47例(10.11%)]、脾胃气虚证[23例(4.95%)]、寒湿困脾证[21例(4.52%)]。肠道湿热证秋季发病比例最高(P<0.01);寒湿犯表证冬季发病比例最高(P<0.01);寒湿困脾证女性患者较男性多(P<0.01),且秋季发病比例最高(P<0.05);食滞肠胃证冬季发病比例最高(P<0.01)。结论急性感染性腹泻肠道湿热证多见。肠道湿热证、寒湿困脾证均在秋季发病率高,寒湿犯表证、食滞肠胃证均在冬季发病率高。寒湿困脾证在女性患者更多。

Objective To observe syndrome types of Chinese medicine（ CM） and distribution features of acute infectious diarrhea patients. Methods A retrospective study was performed in 465 acute infectious diarrhea patients. The distribution of CM syndrome and syndrome types in different seasons and genders were analyzed. Results Lack of appetite [381（ 81. 94%） ],fatigue [350（ 75. 27%） ],abdominal pain [338（ 72. 69%） ],tenesmus [325（ 69. 89%） ],anal scorching hot [276（ 59. 35%） ],nausea [258（ 55. 48%） ],diarrhea [249（ 53. 55%） ],short yellow urine [240（ 51. 61%） ],thirsty [210（ 45. 16%） ],and abdominal distention [206（ 44. 30%） ]were most often seen. The syndrome distribution were sequenced as intestinal damp heat syndrome [268（ 57. 63%） ],dyspeptic retention in intestine and stomach syndrome [106（ 22. 80%） ],cold-damp invading exterior syndrome [47（ 10. 11%） ],Pi-Wei qi deficiency syndrome [23（ 4. 95%） ],cold-damp disturbing Pi syndrome [21（ 4. 52%） ]. The incidence ratio of intestinal damp heat syndrome was the highest in autumn（ P 〈0. 01）,while that of cold-damp invading exterior syndrome was the highest in winter（ P 〈0. 01）. Cold-damp disturbing Pi syndrome was more often seen in females than in males（ P 〈0. 01）,and its incidence ratio was the highest in autumn（ P 〈0. 05）. The incidence ratio of dyspeptic retention in intestine and stomach syndrome was the highest in winter（ P 〈0. 01）. Conclusions Intestinal damp heat syndrome was the most often seen in acute infectious diarrhea. Incidence ratios of intestinal damp heat syndrome and cold-damp disturbing Pi syndrome were higher in autumn,while those of cold-damp invading exterior syndrome and dyspeptic retention in intestine and stomach syndrome were higher in winter. Cold-damp disturbing Pi syndrome was more often seen in females.