秦巴山区退耕还林经济效益内隐分析

Empirical Study on Reason for Economic Benefits of Grain-to-green Program in Qinba Mountain Area

秦巴山区退耕还林工程生态效益外显,生态建设的目标已经基本实现,但生态效益与经济效益二者之间发展不平衡,秦巴山区退耕还林中存在着经济效益内隐的状况。选取陕西、四川、湖北3省6县300个退耕还林样本农户进行问卷调查与现场访谈。结果表明,秦巴山区退耕还林经济效益内隐的现状表现在退耕还林所引起的粮食增产效果不明显、家庭收入新来源主要依靠外出打工、退耕还林农户养老问题没有得到根本解决等方面。其主要原因是受经济外部性的影响、脆弱的自然基础条件以及缺乏科技支撑等。应从退耕还林经济补偿制度、生态教育移民及城镇化建设等方面着手,改善秦巴山区退耕还林经济效益内隐的状况。

The ecological benefit explicit goal of ecological construction in Qinba Mountain area has been largely achieved,but the development between both ecological and economic benefits are unbalanced, which means the economic benefit of Qinba Mountain area is implicit. By selecting the samples of 300 farmers from three provinces and six counties, the field survey showed that： the food production increased not obviously because of the grain-to-green program, new sources of household income mainly depends on migrant workers, the endowment of farmers have not been fundamentally solved. The main reasons lied in the economic impact of external nature, fragile natural conditions, the lack of basic scientific and technological support and other factors. It is suggested to emphasize on the economic compensation system, ecological migration and urbanization education and other aspects, to improve economic efficiency in the Qinba Mountain area.