从“易一名而含三义”看比较文学中国学派三十年发展

The Development of Chinese School of Comparative Literature over the Last Three Decades: Based on “the Three Meanings Contained in Yi”

"易一名而含三义"阐释了中国式思维的特点,影响了我国比较文学者对比较实践和学科理论的思考。首先,"易简"体现在可比性"由一到多"的生发与"由多到一"的回归。其次,"变易"体现在研究实践从"外国文学走进来"到"中国文学走出去"和从海外汉学到"新西学"两个研究的转向上;"变易"还体现在不照搬西方而以"涟漪式"模式构建学科体系。最后,"不易"体现在中国比较文学者对"跨越性"的坚持中。"易一名而含三义"揭示了我国比较文学者的运思习惯,让我们在理性地认知自己的思维习惯后有可能做出新的突破和发展。

“The three meanings contained in yi （易）”illustrate the characteristics of Chinese way of thinking, and have great impact upon Chinese scholars＇ researches and theories in comparative literature. Firstly, “易简” means “yi （易） is simple （简易）”, which is reflected in that comparability grows “from one to many” and also return “ from many to one” . Secondly, “变易” means “yi （易） is change （变易）”, which is reflected in the two changes in the comparative literature research： we move from “bringing foreign literature to China” to “bringing Chinese literature to the world”, and shift our focus from overseas sinology to “new Western learning”. “变易 （change）” is also reflected in the construction of the disciplinary system with a “ripple-style” model instead of copying Western model. Finally, “不易” means“yi （易） is constancy （不易）”, which is reflected in Chinese scholars＇ persistence in “transcendence”. “The three meanings contained in yi” reveals Chinese comparatists＇ way of thinking. The notion enables us to have a breakthrough and development after understanding our habit of thinking in a rational way.