不饱和季铵盐的合成及其聚合物在化工及环保领域的应用

Synthesis of unsaturated quaternary ammonium salts and application of their polymers in chemical engineering and environmental protection

按不饱和基团的类型对不饱和季铵盐进行了分类,并综述了其合成方法。介绍了其聚合物在含油污水处理、抗菌、纺织品、新材料等领域的应用。阐述了在不饱和季铵盐的开发及其聚合物的应用方面存在的问题。指出了今后的发展方向:应该加大科研投入,加快新型不饱和季铵盐的研发进程,特别是在主结构设计、纯度提高以及新型絮凝剂单体的多样性方面,以制备出多功能性的单体和聚合物。

Unsaturated quatemary ammonium salts are classified according to the types of unsaturated group and their synthesis methods are reviewed. The applications of the poly quaternary ammonium salts in oily-wastewater treatment, sterilization, textiles, new materials and other areas are introduced. The problems in synthesis of quaternary ammonium salts and application of their polymers are elaborated. The directions for further research are pointed out as follows： investment in scientific research should be increased to speed up the development process of novel unsaturated quaternary ammonium salts, especially in main structure designing, purity increasing and monomer variety for new flocculant, in order to prepare multifunctional monomers and polymers.