校车主动式安全气囊控制参数分析

Analysis of the new airbag control parameters for children in school bus

为弥补校车现有乘员约束系统的不足,利用经台车试验验证的MADYMO校车乘员约束系统模型,建立主动式安全气囊的仿真模型。根据气囊的工作原理,分析拉带长度、排气孔面积、气体质量流率、气囊安装位置等气囊参数对6岁儿童乘员伤害值的影响。仿真结果表明:有气囊保护时乘员头颈损伤值降低,但胸部保护效果不明显。排气孔面积变化最大可使6岁儿童乘员综合评价指标WICS(Weighted Injury Criteria for School)降低21.3%,气囊安装位置变化可使WICS最大降低11.5%。上部、中部、下部拉带可使WICS最大降低值分别为2.52%、2.23%和1.58%,气体质量流率可使WICS最大降低2.23%。由于气囊安装位置与排气孔面积对乘员的影响最为显著,气囊参数的调整可明显改善6岁儿童乘员伤害值,实现校车对6岁儿童更好的保护。

In order to tem, the active airbag compensate the deficiencies of the current school bus occupant restraint syssimulation model is established for the school bus occupant restraint system built with MADYMO which has been validated through sled test. The airbag parameters of the airbag tether length, the vent area, the mass flow rate of the gas generator, the airbag position on the of the 6-year-old child occupant are analyzed based on the operational principle of the airbag injury Simu- lation results show that： Injury of head and neck of occupant is decreased by the active airbag, but injury of chest has no notable change. The maximum decline rate of 6-year-old child comprehensive evaluation WICs（ Weighted Injury Criteria for School） is 21.3% with different vent areas. With dif- ferent airbag positions, the maximum decline rate of WICs is 11.5%. The maximum decline rates of WICs are as follows： 2. 52% , 2. 23% and 1.58% by changing middle tether and the lower tether, respectively. The maximum the different mass flow of the gas. Because the influence of the the length of the upper tether, the decline rate of WICs is 2. 23% with airbag installation position and the vent area on the injury of the 6-year-old child occupant is the most significant, the injury of child occupant can be obviously improved through the prior adjustment of these parameters of the school bus to protect the 6-year-old children.