武威市食用菌产业的时空分布特征及其可持续发展对策

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND COUNTERMEASURES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF EDIBLE FUNGUS INDUSTRY IN WUWEI CITY

文章采用区位商法及比较优势理论,利用2000~2012年的资料数据,测定了武威市食用菌产业的区位优势,分析了武威市食用菌产业发展过程中的时空分布特征。结果表明：武威市食用菌产业在时间发展上呈现出整体上升的趋势,空间布局上集中体现了南部祁连山浅山区与中部平原沿山冷凉罐区等2个具有明显地域特征的食用菌产业带。此外,该文分析研究了食用菌发展所需的自然资源、原料资源、劳动力资源、产品质量等方面的有利因素与劳动力价格上涨、生产者素质不高、产品附加值低等方面的不利因素,认为武威市食用菌发展优势与劣势同在、机会与威胁并存。发挥资源优势、品质优势及市场优势,提高食用菌产品附加值,是武威市食用菌产业发展的战略选择;进一步稳定食用菌产业地位、加大扶持力度、加快食用菌菌种引进及繁育技术提升、推广标准化生产技术、推广病虫害绿色防控技术、推广废弃物循环利用技术、加大市场开拓力度是武威市食用菌产业可持续发展的对策。

Based on the statistical data of 2000- 2012,using the location quotient method and the theory of comparative advantage,this paper estimated the advantage of the development of Edible fungi industry in Wuwei and analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics. The results showed that the development of the edible fungi industry showed an overall upward trend and formed 2 obvious region characteristic belts,i. e.,the southern Qilian Mountains in shallow mountain area and central Ping Yuanyan cold tank. The favorable factors for the edible fungi industry were natural resources,raw material resource,labor resource,product quality and labor prices,but the disadvantage were not high quality and the low added value of the product. Finally,it put forward some countermeasures for the development of Edible fungi industry in Wuwei,including developing the resource,quality and market advantages,improving the added value of the edible fungus products,increasing the support of the industry,accelerating the introduction and breeding of edible fungus technical promotion,popularizing the standardized production technology,extending the green control technique of diseases and insect pests,promoting green waste recycling technology,and increasing the intensity of market development.