甘肃省马铃薯产业发展现状及主粮化发展分析

ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF POTATO PRODUCTION AREA LAYOUT AND THE STAPLE FOOD OF GANSU

2015年农业部将马铃薯确定为第四大粮食作物,并大力推进主粮化战略,是满足人民群众对营养需求的多样化、缓解资源环境压力、实现农业循环可持续发展、开辟国家粮食安全保障新途径的战略性决策。马铃薯是甘肃省的第三大主要粮食作物,文章系统回顾了甘肃省马铃薯产业发展的历史过程,从引进试种到逐步做大做强产业,由单一的菜品发展到主要食物,从单一的分散种植到大面积集中优势产区的形成,从基本口粮向高端产品延伸,目前已基本实现了主食化。针对国家马铃薯主粮化战略的实施,提出要做到甘肃省马铃薯种植区域布局与主粮化进程相结合,需要进一步优化马铃薯生产区域布局;开展专用型品种选育;全面提升种薯产业发展水平;强化科技创新引领作用,大力提升精深加工水平;加强仓储物流体系建设,发挥区域辐射集散功能;积极探索经营管理模式,稳步推进市场营销工作;强化马铃薯主粮化产品的研发工作;强化基础研究工作等建议。

The potato had been decided to be one of the fourth major grain crops by the Ministry of Agriculture in2015. This strategy plays a great role in meeting the nutritional needs of people＇s diversity,mitigating the stress of resources and environment,realizing agricultural continuous development and setting up a new way to guarantee national food security. Potato is the third largest food crop in Gansu province. This paper reviewed the historical process in the development of potato industry,including from introduction test to gradually become bigger and stronger industry,from single dish to main food,from a single scattered planting area to a large focused growing area,and from basic food rations to high- end products. Addressing the national potato staple food strategy,it put forward some countermeasures including optimizing potato production regional layout; studying on selection and breeding of special type; upgrading the development of potato seed industry; enhancing the leading role of technical innovation to promote intensive processing levels; strengthening the construction of warehousing and logistics system to execute the regional radiation distribution function; exploring management mode to explore the market scale.