我国大学发展战略的三种哲学基础

Three Kinds of Philosophical Basis of University Development Strategy in China

战略规划越来越成为大学未来发展的重要航标,不同的大学发展战略背后均折射出深厚而相异的哲学基础,即方法论的差异。根据马克斯·韦伯的理想类型,建国后我国的大学发展战略大致可以概括为现实主义、新自由主义以及社会建构主义三种范式。现实主义的大学战略强调以"权力"为中心,遵循政治逻辑;新自由主义强调"利益"至上,遵循市场逻辑;社会建构主义的大学战略弘扬"交往"的意义,遵循实践逻辑。这幅图景既描绘了我国大学发展战略的演进逻辑,又反思了大学未来发展的战略抉择。超越现实主义和新自由主义,是中国大学战略的一大进步;但回避现实主义和新自由主义,则只能是一种罔顾社会事实的理念倒退。

Strategic planning is becoming increasingly important marker for the future university development,different development strategy reflect the different philosophical basis that is to say the differences in methodology.According to the Max Weber＇s ideal type,university development strategy can be roughly summarized as Realism,New-idealism and Social-constructivism three kinds of paradigm in China. Realistic university strategic emphasis on＂power＂,following the political logic;New-idealism advocate＂interest＂,following the market logic;Social-constructivism university strategy call for the meaning of＂interaction＂,following the practice logic. The picture portrays the evolution logic of university development strategy in our country,and reflects on the strategic choice for university development in the future. It is a big step to surpass the Realism and the New-idealism of university strategy in China. If we avoid the Realism and the New-idealism,only is a kind of the concept retrogression ignoring social facts.