摘要
16～17世纪之交的俄国经历了一场全国性的大动乱。大动乱的发生有其深刻的历史背景，如伊凡四世特辖制后社会各阶层的不满、留里克王朝中断、波雅尔贵族的争权夺利以及外国的武装干涉。这些因素使大动乱年代的俄国政治生活中产生了“选举”沙皇、限制沙皇权力和出现多个地方权力中心的新现象，使俄国有了走上“等级代表君主制”的契机和可能。然而由于强大的专制传统、政治精英的软弱和社会政治意识的滞后，俄国并未真正走上等级代表君主制的道路，依然选择了重建专制，这是俄国专制君主制路径依赖的结果。
Russia has experienced the Time of Troubles during 16- 17 century. The occurrence has its profound historical background: Tsar Ivan the Terrible's Oprichnina provoked dissatisfaction of the social from all walks of life, interruption of Rurik Dynasty,struggle among the nobles and foreign intervention. The Time of Trouble made some new political phenomenon, such as the 'election ' of Tsar, restriction of the Tsar's power and occurrence of multi local power centers. These things promoted Russia to step on the way of hierarchy and representative monarchy. However, due to the mightiness of autocratic tradition,weakness of political elite and the lagging of social and political consciousness,Russia has not really step on the road of hierarchy and representative monarchy,but to rebuild autocracy. It is the result of path dependence of the autocratic monarchy.
出处
《俄罗斯东欧中亚研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第3期123-142,共20页
Russian，East European & Central Asian Studies
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“《俄国通史》(六卷本)”(项目号11&ZD134)第一卷的阶段性成果
教育部人文社科基金青年项目“俄国专制君主制探源”(项目号15XJC810007)的阶段性成果
