孔子“临流兴怀”之现象学考察

Analyzing Confucius of “Sighs Facing Rivers” by Phenomenal Methodology

水是生命之源,有水乃有生命,江川湖海是水之大者。作为圣人兼智者的孔子,对水情有独钟。智者乐水,他在静水流深中看见智慧;吾与点也,他在暮春沂水中发现诗意;逝者如斯,盈科后进,他在逝水中发现时间;凤鸟不至,河不出图,以文化为寄托的生命在黄河边万念俱寂,他发现这是死亡之水;美哉水洋洋乎,吾不济之命也夫,此命运所不容己者,此是命运之水;乘桴浮于海,大海是向他允诺的敞开之域,然而,他只是一笑了之。"临流兴怀"是孔子涌现自我真实生命的方式之一,一个至情至性的孔子在江川湖海中现身,他即凡而圣,即圣而凡。

Water is the source of life and it is indispensable to life,river、lake and sea are large water bodies.Confucius as both sage and wise man loves rivers（seas）very much.＂The man of wisdom delights in water＂for river can further refine the sentiment and purify the soul.When Confucius says＂I agree with Zeng Dian＂just because Zeng have understood the poetry of life by Yi river in late spring.Also,he says＂Running water looks like the lost time＂for his finding time in running water;＂If phoenix doesn＇t come,He Tu would not Appear＂：Confucius as a man of culture sustenance was in a deep sense of despair and disillusionment;The magnificence of the Yellow River blocked his way：This is a fate river.＂By beam floating in the sea＂：The sea wanted to embrace him but he smiled and turned it down.＂Sighs facing rivers＂was one way of Confucius that he could fully be himself and express himself,thus we could see him as a man of emotion.Confucius was a both every-man and saint.