福州沿海地区新移民问题初探

Studies in the Problem of New Emigrants from Coastal Areas of Fuzhou

20世纪70年代起,尤其是改革开放以来,福州沿海地区(马尾、长乐、福清、连江)新移民人数增长迅速,是中国新移民人数增长最多的群体,其人数至少在75万-80万左右。福州沿海地区新移民出国时的年龄结构主要集中在16-45岁,性别以男性为主;出国的文化程度以高中、初中或小学及以下为主;出国前他们大多为农民阶层或无业青年,出国后多数是务工或经商。福州沿海地区新移民对家乡乃至祖(籍)国中国的建设正起着重要的作用,也对移入国产生积极的影响,他们是福建当前和未来经济发展和社会进步的一支重要力量。福建现代化的发展和城镇化的推动,需要丰厚的新移民和老华人华侨资源。

Since 1970 s,especially 1979,the number of new emigrants from coastal areas of Fuzhou（ Mawei,Changle,Fuqing,Lianjiang） has been grown rapidly,which is the largest group among the Chinese new emigrants. It is estimated that there are at least between 750 000 and 80 000 new emigrants from coastal areas of Fuzhou. The structure of their ages is mainly concentrated in 16 to45 years old. According to the composition of their gender,male emigrants are the most part. The educational level of new emigrants from coastal areas of Fuzhou concentrates on middle school,elementary school or illiteracy. Before migrating,they were mostly farmers or unemployed youth. In the adopted countries,the new emigrants from coastal areas of Fuzhou are mostly taking part in industry and business. They are an important force in current and future economic social development of Fujian. The development of modernization and urbanization in Fujian requires huge new emigrants and other Chinese overseas resources.