环保型饲粮对生长猪生长性能和养分排泄量的影响

The Effects of Environment Protecting Diet on Growth Performance and Nutrient Excretion of Growing Pigs

为研究低蛋白质饲粮添加植酸酶、非淀粉多糖酶(NSP)和氨基酸微量元素对生长猪生长性能、养分排泄量的影响,选用90头平均初始体重为(41.92±2.6)kg的杜长大三元杂交猪,分为5组,设置1组为对照组,试验组采用低蛋白饲粮,试验2组为添加植酸酶处理;试验3组为添加氨基酸微量元素+植酸酶处理,试验4组为添加植酸酶+NSP酶处理,试验5组为添加氨基酸微量元素+植酸酶+NSP酶,试验期38d。结果表明,试验2组平均日增重、料重比分别比1组提高7.64%和1.94%(P<0.05),其余各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);粪N浓度2、3、4、5组比1组分别降低18.58%、20.65%、23.01%和21.24%(P<0.05);粪P浓度2、3、4、5组比1组分别降低40.23%、38.31%、39.08%和39.85%(P<0.01);粪Cu、Fe浓度2、3、4、5组与1组相比极显著降低(P<0.01);粪Zn浓度2、3、4、5组与1组相比显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可见,低蛋白质饲粮添加植酸酶处理,能显著提高生长猪平均日增重,显著减少粪中氮、锌含量,极显著减少粪磷、铜、铁含量;在此基础上,继续应用氨基酸微量元素等量替代相应的无机硫酸盐及添加NSP酶均对生长猪生长性能和粪中养分含量的影响差异不显著。

The experiment was conducted to explore the effects of phytase and Non-starch ploysaccharide enzyme （NSPase）and amino-acid with trace mineral chelates on growth performance and nutrients excretion of growing pigs.Ninety DLY pigs with initial body weight of （41.92 ± 2.6 ）kg were randomly allocated into 5 groups of 3 replicates with 6 pigs in each replicates.Group 1 was control with diet of crude protein （CP）1 7.4% and Fe 100 mg·kg-1 and Zn 120 mg·kg-1 .Group 2 to 5 was experiments with low protein diet （CP 14.3%）.Compared to group 1,the CP and total P （TP）level reduced 3% and 0.1 % level and Fe and Zn decreased 50% respectively and Cu reduced to 10 mg·kg-1 in group 2. In group 3,the trace minerals were replaced 50% with amino-acid with Cu, Fe and Zn chelates on the base of group 2. The diets of group 4 and 5 were added with NSPase on the base of group 2 and 3 respectively.The experiments lasted for 38 days.The results showed as follows：Compared with control, the average daily gain （ADG）and ratio of feed to gain （F/G）in group 2 significantly increased 7.64% and 1.94%respectively （P 〈0.05）,and fecal nitrogen （N）excretion in group 2 to 5 significantly decreased 18.58%,20.65%, 23.0% and 21.24% respectviely （P 〈0.05）,fecal phosphorous （P）excretion in groups 2 to 5 decreased 40.23%, 38.31%,39.08% and 39.85% respectively （P 〈0.01）.The fecal Cu （P 〈0.01）and Fe （P 〈0.01）and Zn （P 〈0.05）excretion of group 2 to 5 were significantly lower than those of group 1. In conclusion,these results indicated that diets containing phytase with reducing 3% CP and 0.1% TP level and Fe and Zn decreasing 50% and Cu lowing＆amp;nbsp;to 10 mg·kg-1 on the base of commom CP diet can improve ADG and decrease fecal N and Zn excretion （P 〈0.05） and reduce fecal P,Cu and Fe excretion （P 〈0.01）.But these dietary supplementation of organic trace minerals and NSPase had no influence on growth performance and fecal nutrients.