ICU护士预防呼吸机相关性肺炎循证知识掌握现状及其影响因素

Influencing Factors and Current Status of ICU Nurses' Evidence-based Knowledge in Preventing Ventilator-associated Pneumonia

目的了解ICU护士对预防呼吸机相关性肺炎(ventilator-associated pneumonia,VAP)循证知识的掌握现状及其影响因素。方法 2015年1-6月,采用便利抽样法抽取某市3所医院ICU护士及参加重症医学专科护士培训班的学员共164名,对其进行一般资料、预防VAP循证知识及相关影响因素的调查。结果 ICU护士预防VAP循证知识得分为(6.16±1.80)分;不同学历、等级医院的ICU护士预防VAP循证知识得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);影响护士执行预防VAP措施的主要因素为"科室护理人力资源不足"、"患者病情复杂危重造成护理工作量大"、"缺少相关预防护理措施的相关提醒和强化学习"等。结论 ICU护士预防VAP循证知识掌握情况不佳,应加强ICU护理人才队伍的培养,重视循证护理的发展动态与实践应用,落实VAP循证知识的系统培训,提高VAP预防的有效性,以保证患者安全,提高护理质量。

Objective To understand the status of ICU nurses＇ evidence-based knowledge in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia（VAP）,and its influencing factors.Methods By convenience sampling,164 nurses were selected and surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire,which contain demographic data,evidence-based knowledge in preventing VAP and its influencing factors.Results The score of evidencebased knowledge in preventing VAP was（6.16±1.80）.The significant differences of score were found between nurses with different educational levels and hospital level（P〈0.05）.The influencing factors were the‘shortage of nursing human resources＇,‘the critical patients caused heavy workload＇and‘lack of relevant prevention nursing countermeasures posters and studies＇.Conclusions ICU nurses are lack of evidence-based knowledge concerning VAP prevention.There is a need to enhance the nursing talents cultivation and pay attention to the evidence-based nursing development and practice to implement systematic training and to improve the effectiveness in preventing VAP,thus to ensure patient＇safety and improve nursing quality.