陕南移民生产生活现状的调查与思考

Investigation and Reflection on the Immigrant Life Status in Southern Shanxi

移民搬迁改善了陕南农民的居住条件,实现了避灾、改善民生的目标;改变了农民的观念,带动了移民外出打工,提高了收入;繁荣了市场,增加了农民在市场中获得生计的机会;人口聚集居住,城镇人口明显上升,推动了城镇化的发展,也提高了公共产品和公共服务的覆盖面和受惠人群。但是,移民搬迁也给陕南农民的生活带来了一些新的问题,针对土地撂荒、产业发展、贫困留守老人、生活垃圾焚烧、安置型社区的管理等社会现象提出了推进农业机械化、发展特色产业、建设农村养老院、推广修建污水处理池和引进农村社区管理人才等建议。

Relocation improved the living conditions of farmers in southern Shaanxi and achieved the goal of avoi- ding disaster, improved the people＇ s livelihood and income. It brought the prosperity of the market and offered op- portunities for farmers in the market to get a livelihood. It had promoted the development of urbanization, but in- creased the coverage of public goods and public services and benefit from the crowd. However, the migration also brought some new problems to the livelihoods of farmers in southern Shanxi, such as abandoned land, industrial de- velopment, poor left - behind elderly, garbage incineration and the management of resettlement community etc. The countermeasures suggested in this article are ： developing characteristic industry, constructing rural old - age homes, and the introduction of talent in rural communities.