论“三言二拍”的贞节思想

On the Virgin Thought in Five Books Short for “Sanyan Erpai”

明朝后期,城市经济发展,市民阶层兴起,以李贽为代表的启蒙思想应运而生。接受了启蒙思想的冯梦龙、凌濛初,在"三言二拍"中,同情受到封建贞节观伤害的妇女,认为封建贞节观压抑了妇女的个性,粉碎了妇女的美好生活,给妇女带来了不幸和苦难,妇女应该从封建贞节观中解放出来;但在具体小说作品中,冯梦龙和凌濛初又鼓励妇女守贞节,宣扬封建贞节观,这体现了他们贞节观的矛盾性,也反映了晚明启蒙思想的矛盾性及其历史局限性。

During the late Ming Dynasty, with the urban economy developing, the citizen stratum emerged. Accordingly, the enlightenment thought was born at that proper time, the representative of which was Lizhi. Feng Menglong and Ling Mengchu absorbed this new thought. The former is the writer of three books short for Sanyan,： namely the Instructive Words to Enlighten the World, Ordinary Words to Warn the World, Lasting Words to Awaken the World and the latter is the writer of two books short for Erpai： namely the Amazing Stories and the Second-edition Amazing Stories, both of whom show much sympathy to those women that are badly influenced by those feudal concepts of chastity in their books. Meanwhile, they agree that those feudal concepts of chastity depress women＇s individualities, ruin their good life and add misfortunes and miseries to them, and that women should break away from those old and decayed concepts. However, in their specific works, they both encourage women to keep chastity and advocate feudal virgin thoughts, which indicate the contradiction of their views about chastity and meanwhile mirror the contradiction of enlightenment thoughts in late Ming Dynasty as well as the historical limitations.