吉尔伯特·赖尔“身心二元论”批判及其宗教学意义

Gilbert·Ryle's Criticism on “the Dualism of Mind and Body” and its Significance in Religious Studies

吉尔伯特·赖尔把笛卡尔以来哲学上的身心二元论称作"官方学说",认为这种官方学说把"身体"和"心灵"两个不同概念放入同一范畴中理解,会导致逻辑上的荒谬结论。吉尔伯特·赖尔在《心的概念》一书中对身心二元论导致的谬误作了探讨,指出谬误产生的原因并提出消除谬误的方法,为我们提供了理解身心二元论的新途径,对宗教学研究有重要意义。

Gilbert·Ryle calls the philosophical dualism of mind and body ＂the official doctrine＂ since Descartes. He thinks that if the two different concepts of ＂body＂ and ＂mind＂ are put into the same category in this official doctrine, it will bring about an absurd conclusion. Then he has a discussion about this fallacy in his book of the Concepts of Mind, pointing out the reason why this fallacy occurs and putting forward some countermeasures, which presents us a new approach to understanding the dualism and is of great significance to religion studies.