18MHz高频超声技术预测老年2型糖尿病患者末梢血管病变的应用价值

Role of 18MHz high frequency ultrasonography in predicting peripheral vascular disease in elderly T2DM patients

目的探讨18MHz高频超声技术预测社区老年2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者末梢血管病变的应用价值。方法选取惠南社区符合条件的老年T2DM患者369例（T2DM组）和健康人群150例（正常对照组）,将患者按患病时间分为患病1年、2~5年、6~9年、10~19年、≥20年,采用18MHz高频超声技术对患者及健康对照者指尖动脉及趾尖动脉的血管内径（D）、阻力指数（RI）和血流量（BF）进行检测。结果与正常对照组比较,T2DM组患者10~19年及≥20年的指尖末梢动脉D显著降低[（0.36±0.07）mm、（0.30±0.04）mmvs（0.46±0.10）mm,P=0.000],6~9年、10~19年及≥20年的指尖动脉BF明显降低,RI显著升高（P=0.000）,T2DM患者2~5年、6~9年、10~19年及≥20年的趾尖末梢动脉D、BF显著降低,RI显著升高（P=0.000）。结论 18MHz高频超声技术通过检测T2DM患者指、趾尖动脉血流参数能够筛查出患者早期血管病变,具有良好的临床应用价值。

Objective To study the role of 18 MHz high frequency ultrasonography in predicting peripheral vascular disease in elderly T2DM patients.Methods Three hundred and sixty-nine T2DM patients served as a T2DM group and 150 healthy persons served as a control group.The patients in T2DM group were further divided into 1year course group,2-5years course group,6-9years course group,10-19 years course group and≥20years course group.An 18 MHz high frequency ultrasonography was applied to detect the inner diameter,resistance index（RI）and blood flow（BF）of the finger tip artery and the toe tip artery.Results The inner diameters of finger tip artery were significantly shorter in 10-19 years course group and≥20years course group than in control group（0.36±0.07 mmvs 0.46±0.10 mm,0.30±0.04mmvs0.46±0.10 mm,P=0.000）.The BF of finger tip artery was significantly higher in 6-9years course group,10-19 years course group and≥20years course group than in control group（P=0.000）.The inner diameters and BF of finger tip artery were significantly lower whereas the RI was significantly higher in 2-5years course group,6-9years course group,10-19 years course group and ≥20years course group than in control group（P=0.000）.Conclusion 18 MHz high frequency ultrasonography can show early vascular disease in T2DM patients by measuring the BF of their finger tip artery and toe tip artery and plays an important role in predicting peripheral vascular disease in elderly T2DM patients.