土地产权视角下佛山市南海区建设用地扩张特征分析

Analysis on the expansion characteristics of the construction land in Nanhai District of Foshan City from the perspective of land property rights

改革开放以来,南海区建设用地不断扩张,在土地产权的影响下,其时空结构发生了巨大的变化.本研究在定性分析了南海区土地产权变迁及其对土地利用影响的基础上,选取4个典型年份数据,通过RS、GIS空间分析方法及景观生态学方法,从数量结构及空间格局2个方面对建设用地扩张特征进行定量分析,并探讨了土地产权对建设用地扩张的影响机制.研究发现,南海区土地产权变化对土地利用有重大的影响.其中,20世纪80年代的"三权分立"制度格局促进了乡村工业化的开端及建设用地的大量增加;20世纪90年代的土地股份合作制加速了土地利用非农化的发展,形成破碎的乡村工业化格局;2000年后土地紧缩政策促进了集体产权的国有化,建设用地增长变缓,并逐渐呈现集聚与破碎共存的特征.

Since China＇s reform and opening up,the construction land of Nanhai District expands unceasingly and its spatial layout has changed greatly under the influence of land property rights.Based on the summary of the change of land property rights in different stages and the qualitative analysis on its impact to land use,this paper selects 4 data of typical years to analyze the spatial characteristics of construction land by GIS,RS and landscape ecology method.At last,this paper discusses the influence mechanism of land property right to the spatial characteristics of construction land.Research shows that;change in land property rights has a great impact on land use.Firstly,the separation of three powers system in 1980＇s had promoted the beginning of rural industrialization and rapid increase in construction land.Secondly,the land joint-stock cooperative system in1990＇s led to the rapid development of non agriculturalization,which formed a fragmented rural industrialization pattern.Lastly,the construction land space pattern after 2000 promoted the nationalization of collective property rights and the slow growth of construction land,and the construction land space pattern was gradually characterized by agglomeration and fragmentation.