儿童肥胖症的影响因素分析

Analysis of the Influential Factors of Childhood Obesity

【目的】探讨儿童肥胖症的流行现状及肥胖的影响因素。【方法】采取问卷的方式随机调查长沙市天心区2421例儿童，并进行体格测量。【结果】参与调查研究的2421例儿童中234名为儿童肥胖症，检出率为9．66％。其中城市儿童肥胖症检出率为11．84％，城郊儿童为5．83％，两者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；男童肥胖症检出率为12.57％，女童为5．81％，两者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；12～13岁儿童肥胖症检出率为16．67％，明显高于其他年龄组儿童（P〈0．01）；在学校或单位食堂、饭店及其他地方就餐的儿童的肥胖症发生比例分别为10.87％，10．48％，高于在家里就餐儿童（P〈0．05）；周末户外活动时间〈1h的儿童肥胖症检出率明显高于其他组（P〈0．05）。【结论】儿童肥胖症检出率较高，性别、年龄、学校地域、周末户外活动时间及就餐地点是其发生的主要影响因素，家长应联合学校共同干预，降低儿童肥胖症的发生率。

[Objective] To investigate the prevalence and influential factors of childhood obesity. [Methods] The 2,421 children in Changsha City＇s Tianxin District were randomly surveyed by questionnaire and physical ex- amination.[Results]There were 234 obese children in the total 2421 surveyed children （9.66%）. Obesity incidence rate in urban children was 11.84%, which was significantly higher than in suburban children 5.83% （ P 〈0.01）. The incidence rate in boys was 12.57%, which was significantly higher than the 5.81% in girls （ P 〈0.01）. The incidence rate in 12~13 years of age was 16.67% ,which was significantly higher than in other age groups （ P 〈0.01）. Obesity incidence rates in children eating at canteens or restaurants were respectively 10.87 0%, 10.48%, which were both significantly higher than in children eating at home （ P 〈0.05）. Obesity incidence rate in children with 〈1h weekend outdoor activities was significantly higher than that in other groups （ P 〈0.05）. [Conclusion] Gender, age, school district, weekend outdoor activities and dining locations are the main factors in children obesi- ty.There is a high incidence rate of childhood obesity. Parents and schools should intervene to reduce the incidence of childhood obesity.