佛山市南海区儿童感染手足口病危险因素的病例对照研究

Case Control Study of Risk Factors for Hand-foot-mouth Disease among Children of Nanhai District in Foshan City

目的:探讨佛山市南海区儿童感染手足口病的相关危险因素,为手足口病的预防与控制提供依据。方法:在国家疾病监测信息直报管理系统中随机选取佛山市南海区2015年1月-2015年12月县级以上医疗机构确诊的300例手足口病儿童作为病例组,并以1∶1配对方式择同期300例非手足口病(和/或疱疹性咽峡炎)的健康儿童作为对照组,分别对两组儿童家长进行问卷调查,采用单因素卡方检验和多因素Logistic回归分析筛选儿童手足口病感染的危险因素。结果:单因素分析发现,儿童带养类型、手足口病患者接触史、有吮咬手指的习惯、无使用肥皂/洗手液洗手的习惯、居住地有生活垃圾堆积现象、居住地有生活垃圾堆积现象、儿童生病频率与儿童感染手足口病均有关(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示:散居儿童(OR=1.196)、手足口病接触史(OR=2.130)、有吮咬手指的习惯(OR=1.252)、居住地有生活垃圾堆积(OR=1.986)是儿童感染手足口病的危险因素。结论:散居、手足口病接触史、有吮咬手指的习惯、居住地有生活垃圾堆积是儿童感染手足口病的主要危险因素,减少和控制危险因素是预防儿童感染手足口病的重要环节。

Objective：To investigate the risk factors for hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） among childrenof Nanhai District in Foshan City and provide the basis for prevention and control of hand foot mouth disease.Method：From January 2015 to December 2015,300 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease children from national disease surveillance information reporting and management system were selected as the case group,and 300 cases of non HFMD（ and/or herpangina） healthy children were selected as the control group which paired with 1∶1,the parents of two groups were investigated by questionnaire.The risk factors of hand foot mouth disease infection were screened by single factor chi square test and multi factor Logistic regression analysis.Result：Single factor analysis showed that children with a type,HFMD contact history,sucking fingers habit,without the use of soap or hand sanitizer habits,residence life garbage accumulation phenomenon and frequency of illness in children related to the HFMD（P0.05）.Multi factor Logistic regression analysis showed that scattered children（ OR=1.196）,HFMD contact history（ OR=2.130）,a habit of sucking fingers（ OR=1.252） and residence life garbage accumulation phenomenon（ OR=1.986） were the risk factors of children infected with HFMD.Conclusion：Diaspora,HFMD contact history,sucking fingers habits,residence life garbage accumulation phenomenon are mainly risk factors for injected with HFMD,reduce and control risk factors is an important link in disease prevention of children HFMD.