从信息量原则看无定话题的入句限制

On the Restriction of Non-identification Topic From the Principle of Information Quantity

文章从探讨汉语名词性成分的"有定性"和"无定性"入手,论述"有定"和"无定"与信息量、语境之间的关系,讨论"有定""无定"的确定因素及无定话题的入句限制等问题。文章认为,句子可以分为两大类,即"描述句"和"非描述句",这两种句子类型的差异主要是所具有的不同层级的语境的差异。由于语境不同,表达的信息量不同,所以两种句子对话题有定性的要求也不同。而信息量的多少,和所提供信息的数量有关,也和所提供信息的质量有关。文章试图从此入手,探讨无定话题的入句限制。

This paper starts with the identifiable words and the non-identifiable words in Chinese to discuss the relationship among identifiable words,non-identifiable words,information quantity and context.Then,this paper discusses the factors to confirming identification and non-identification as well as the restriction of non-identification topic.This paper holds that the sentences can be divided to two kinds：＂descriptive sentence＂,and ＂non-descriptive sentence＂.The difference between them is the different context.Because of the different context,the information quantity expressed is also different.Hence,the requirements of two kinds of sentences for identification are also different.The information quantity is related to the amount of information provided.This paper tries to start from this to discuss the restriction of non-identification topic.