防火服热蓄积的影响因素及其测评方法

Influence factors and evaluation methods of stored thermal energy in firefighters protective clothing

为合理评价防火服的热蓄积,全面准确地研究防火服热防护性能,通过回顾实验室模拟低热流环境中防火服热蓄积的相关研究,分析了防火服热蓄积的产生原因以及由热蓄积引起的主要烧伤部位;总结了现阶段热蓄积的测试装置、测评方法以及热传递、热蓄积测试过程;从防火服反光带、防水层透湿性、隔热层厚度、外层织物特性、空气层厚度等服装因素以及热流量强度、热暴露时间、防火服中水分等环境因素归纳了影响热积蓄的因素;最后预测了对未来防火服热蓄积的研究趋势;指出在未来的研究中,应更加全面地模拟火场特点,提高服装热蓄积性能测评方法准确性。

The stored thermal energy in firefighter protective clothing is one of the most important factors to produce skin burn injury,and reasonable evaluation of which can improve the accuracy of the research on thermal protective performance of firefighters clothing. The developments of stored thermal energy in firefighter＇s turnout suit in low heat flux environment were reviewed,the cause of stored thermal energy and its negative impacts on main parts of skin burn injury were analyzed,the experimental evaluation methods were summarized including test apparatus and assessment methods, and the clothing and environmental influences on stored thermal energy were summarized. At last,based on the analysis above,the developing trends of the study on stored thermal energy in firefighters protective clothing were predicted. A large amount of thermal energy stored in firefighters protective clothing during exposure.Currently,the stored thermal energy performance of materials is tested by an SET tester. In the future,laboratory simulation of the exposure environment should be performed more comprehesively ot improve the accuracy of evaluation methods for stored thermal energy.