研发联盟组织治理研究述评及未来展望

Organization and Governance of Research and Development Alliances:A Literature Review and Future Prospects

本文采用组织经济学的分析框架,对研发联盟的组织与治理研究进行了全面总结和梳理。我们从组织的关键维度来界定研发联盟,并阐述了技术特征、行业特征和企业特征对研发联盟组建的影响。我们认为,参与方需要在事前基于组织形式、合作伙伴特征以及研发合作的固有属性,为研发联盟选择相匹配的各种正式治理机制或非正式机制。从最大化社会福利的角度看,无论在研发联盟的组建还是治理方面,政府都应该运用适当的政策工具来提高研发联盟成功运作的可能并提升其研发绩效。文章最后指出了该领域未来进一步研究的若干方向。

This paper employs the analytical framework of organization economics to comprehensively summarize and sort out the research of organization and govemance of R＆D alliances. It defines R＆D alliances from the perspective of key dimensions of organizations, and elaborates the effects of technology, industry and enterprise characteristics on the establishment of R＆D alliances. It argues that participants need to select matching formal or informal governance mechanisms for R＆D alliances in advance by taking organization forms, the characteristics of partners and inherent attributes of R＆D into account. From the perspective of the maximization of social welfare, as for both the formation and governance of R＆D alliances, governments should use adequate policy instruments to raise the possibility of successful operation of R＆D alliances and their R＆D performance. Finally, this paper points out some directions in future research.