观赏植物远缘杂交后代的鉴定方法

Identification Methods of Hybridity in Ornamental Plants Distant Hybridization

远缘杂交是观赏植物种质创新和品种改良的重要方法,但远缘杂交易出现假杂种,对远缘杂交后代进行杂种真实性鉴定、筛选出目的杂种在观赏植物远缘杂交育种中具有重要作用。本文简要介绍了观赏植物远缘杂交后代中假杂种的可能产生途径,详细阐述了形态特征、细胞遗传学、分子细胞遗传学、分子标记、生理生化指标等主要方法在观赏植物远缘杂种鉴定上的研究进展,重点总结了FISH、GISH等原位杂交技术和RAPD、AFLP、SSR等分子标记鉴定方法的应用情况;并提出观赏植物远缘杂交育种中杂种真实性鉴定方法的选择策略,对未来的发展方向进行展望,以期为相关研究提供参考。

Distant hybridization is known as an important protocol for creation new germplasms and improvements of cultivars in ornamental plants. However,false hybrids were regularly obtained in breeding practices. Thus,it is important to identify the hybridity of the putative progenies for selecting true hybrids in ornamental plants distant hybridization. In this paper,the causes for the production of false hybrids were briefly introduced,and the main methods about hybridity identification, including morphological characteristics, cytological genetics, molecular cytogenetics,molecular markers,and physiological and biochemical indexes,were comprehensively summarized. The identification methods were reviewed with an emphasis on in situ hybridization technologies,including FISH and GISH,in addition to molecular markers,such as RAPD,AFLP and SSR. Moreover,the hybridity identification strategy and future research directions in this field were suggested and prospected,for the purpose of providing a reference for relative researches.